Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is used to ease the administrative burden of assigning and maintaining IP address information for internetwork connections. DHCP implements automatic and reliable TCP/IP network configuration by ensuring that address conflicts do not occur and supports the centralized management of address allocation.
Most devices use DHCP, which assigns dynamic IP addresses, as a default. If you want to set the same IP address to a specific device whenever the device connects to your network, use IP reservation (also called static IPs).
MAC address filtering will allow a device to block traffic originating from specific known machines or devices. The router will use the MAC address on the network to identify it and then stop or permit access.